TOEFL przykładowy test – zadania, odpowiedzi, porady

Jaką budowę mają TOEFL testy?

TOEFL jest najczęściej zdawanym egzaminem potwierdzającym znajomość języka angielskiego w kontekście studiów i środowiska akademickiego. Jego wynik jest podstawowym kryterium rekrutacyjnym stosowanym przez uniwersytety i inne organizacje edukacyjne na całym świecie. Egzamin składa się z 4 części: czytanie, słuchanie, mówienie, pisanie. Trwa ponad 3 godziny i można na nim zdobyć maksymalnie 120 punktów. 

Struktura TOEFL IBT egzamin

TOEFL przykładowy test wraz z odpowiedziami, które znajdują się w dalszej części artykułu, z pewnością są cenną wskazówką dla osób, które w najbliższej przyszłości planują podejść do egzaminu i osiągnąć satysfakcjonujący wynik.

TOEFL przykładowy test czytania – jak poradzić sobie z tą sekcją?

Teksty wykorzystane w tym fragmencie egzaminu mogą pochodzić z podręczników uniwersyteckich i przeważnie składają się z trzech części: narracja historyczna lub biograficzna, rozprawka lub przedstawienie tematu. Rozwiązując TOEFL przykładowy egzamin można zobaczyć, jak wyglądają tego typu teksty, co ułatwi poszukiwania podobnych pozycji.

Test jest skierowany do osób chcących studiować za granicą lub w angielskojęzycznym kraju na poziomie uniwersyteckim, tak więc teksty, które znajdują się na egzaminie, są ze środowiska akademickiego i  występuje w nich też takie słownictwo. Spróbuj dowiedzieć się, jaki jest główny zamysł każdego akapitu – do tego będą odnosić się pytania. Zadania w tej sekcji są zróżnicowane, warto uwzględnić rodzaj każdego z nich w swoich przygotowaniach. 

Przykładowe zadania w tej sekcji:

Directions: Read the passage. Give yourself 20 minutes to complete this practice set.

The Rise of Teotihuacán

1.The city of Teotihuacán, which lay about 50 kilometers northeast of modern-day Mexico City, began its growth by 200 –100 B.C. At its height, between about A.D. 150 and 700, it probably had a population of more than 125,000 people and covered at least 20 square kilometers. It had over 2,000 apartment complexes, a great market, a large number of industrial workshops, an administrative center, a number of massive religious edifices, and a regular grid pattern of streets and buildings. Clearly, much planning and central control were involved in the expansion and ordering of this great metropolis. Moreover, the city had economic and perhaps religious contacts with most parts of Mesoamerica (modern Central America and Mexico).

2.How did this tremendous development take place, and why did it happen in the Teotihuacán Valley? Among the main factors are Teotihuacán's geographic location on a natural trade route to the south and east of the Valley of Mexico, the obsydian resources in the Teotihuacán Valley itself, and the valley's potential for extensive irrigation. The exact role of other factors is much more difficult to pinpoint —for instance, Teotihuacán's religious significance as a shrine, the historical situation in and around the Valley of Mexico toward the end of the first millennium B.C., the ingenuity and foresightedness of Teotihuacán's elite, and, finally, the impact of natural disasters, such as the volcanic eruptions of the late first millennium B.C.

3. This last factor is at least circumstantially implicated in Teotihuacán's rise. Prior to 200 B.C., a number of relatively small centers coexisted in and near the Valley of Mexico. Around this time, the largest of these centers, Cuicuilco, was seriously affected by a volcanic eruption, with much of its agricultural land covered by lava. With Cuicuilco eliminated as a potential rival, any one of a number of relatively modest towns might have emerged as a leading economic and political power in Central Mexico. The archaeological evidence clearly indicates, though, that Teotihuacán was the center that did arise as the predominant force in the area by the first century A.D.

4. It seems likely that Teotihuacán's natural resources—along with the city elite's ability to recognize their potential — gave the city a competitive edge over its neighbors. The valley, like many other places in Mexican and Guatemalan highlands, was rich in obsidian. The hard volcanic stone was a resource that had been in great demand for many years, at least since the rise of the Olmecs (a people who flourished between 1200 and 400 B.C.), and it apparently had a secure market. Moreover, recent research on obsidian tools found at Olmec sites has shown that some of the obsidian obtained by the Olmecs originated near Teotihuacán. Teotihuacán obsidian must have been recognized as a valuable commodity for many centuries before the great city arose.

5. Long-distance trade in obsidian probably gave the elite residents of Teotihuacán access to a wide variety of exotic goods, as well as a relatively prosperous life. Such success may have attracted immigrants to Teotihuacán. In addition, Teotihuacán's elite may have consciously attempted to attract new inhabitants. It is also probable that as early as 200 B.C. Teotihuacán may have achieved some religious significance and its shrine (or shrines) may have served as an additional population magnet. Finally, the growing population was probably fed by increasing the number and size of irrigated fields.

6. The picture of Teotihuacán that emerges is a classic picture of positive feedback among obsidian mining and working, trade, population growth, irrigation, and religious tourism. The thriving obsidian operation, for example, would necessitate more miners, additional manufacturers of obsidian tools, and additional traders to carry the goods to new markets. All this led to increased wealth, which in turn would attract more immigrants to Teotihuacán. The growing power of the elite, who controlled the economy, would give them the means to physically coerce people to move to Teotihuacán and serve as additions to the labor force. More irrigation works would have to be built to feed the growing population, and this resulted in more power and wealth for the elite.

Answer the questions:

In paragraph 1, each of the following is mentioned as a feature of the city of Teotihuacán between A.D. 150 and 700 EXCEPT:
A) regularly arranged streets
B) several administrative centers spread across the city
C) many manufacturing workshops
D) apartment complexes

The word "ingenuity" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to:
A) ambition
B) sincerity
C) faith
D) cleverness

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 2 as a main factor in the development of Teotihuacán?
A)The presence of obsidian in the Teotihuacán Valley
B) The potential for extensive irrigation of Teotihuacán Valley lands
C) A long period of volcanic inactivity in the Teotihuacán Valley
D)Teotihuacán's location on a natural trade route

Poprawne odpowiedzi:

1. B;
2. D;
3. C.

Przed rozpoczęciem czytania tekstu warto zapoznać się z pytaniami, aby od razu wiedzieć, czego należy szukać w tekście. Czytając, warto podkreślać i wynotowywać najważniejsze informacje. To ważne ze względu na ograniczony czas na egzaminie. Po drugie należy pamiętać, że pytania mogą być podchwytliwe, dlatego trzeba zwracać uwagę na synonimy i słowa kluczowe oraz dokładnie przeczytać fragment odpowiadający na pytanie – sens wypowiedzi może być zupełnie inny, niż na pierwszy rzut oka.

Jak wygląda sekcja słuchania testu TOEFL IBT?

W celu przygotowania się na ten fragment egzaminu, warto słuchać wypowiedzi, audycji i podcastów, które przyjmują formę zbliżoną do akademickich wykładów. Dobrze jest też uczestniczyć w rozmowach po angielsku. Należy pamiętać, że TOEFL testy prezentują różne akcenty, toteż podczas przygotowań warto słuchać amerykańskich, australijskich, brytyjskich czy kanadyjskich rozmówców.

Przykładowe zadania w tej sekcji:
Directions: Read the script. Give yourself 10 minutes to complete this practice set.

Library Tour
Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a male student and a female librarian.

Student: Hi. I'm new here … I, uh, couldn't come to the student orientation—and I'm wondering if you can give me a few quick pointers about the library? I'd really appreciate it.
Librarian: Sure. I'd be glad to. What's your major area of study?
Student: Latin American literature.
Librarian: OK. Well, over here's the section where we have language, literature, and the arts, and if you go downstairs you'll find the history section. Generally the students who concentrate in Latin American literature find themselves researching in the history section a lot.
Student: Uh-huh. You're right. I'm a transfer student. I've already done a year at another university, so I know how the research can go—I've spent a lot of time in the history section. So how long can I borrow books for?
Librarian: Our loan period is a month. Oh, I should also mention that we have an interlibrary loan service … if you need to get hold of a book that's not in our library. There's a truck that runs between our library and a few other public and university libraries in this area. It comes around three times a week.
Student: Hey, that's great! At my last school, it could take a really long time to get the materials I needed, so when I had a project, I had to make a plan way in advance. This sounds much faster. Another thing I was wondering is … is there a place where I can bring my computer and hook it up?
Librarian: Sure. There's a whole area here on the main floor where you can bring a laptop and plug it in for power. But on top of that we also have a connection for the Internet at every seat.
Student: Nice! So I can do all the research I need to do right here in the library. I'll have all the resources, all the books and information I need right here in one place!
Librarian: Yup, that's the idea! … I'm sure you'll need photocopiers, too. They're down the hallway to your left. We have a system where you have to use a copy card, so you'll need to buy a card from the front desk. You insert it into the machine and you're ready to make copies.
Student: How much do you guys charge?
Librarian: Seven cents a copy.
Student: That's not too bad. Thanks. Uh, where's the collection of rare books?
Librarian: Rare books are up on the second floor. They're in a separate room where the temperature is controlled to preserve the old paper in them. You need to get special permission to access them, and then you'll have to wear gloves to handle them, 'cause the oils in our hands, you know, can destroy the paper, and gloves prevent that, so we have a basket of gloves in the room.
Student: OK, thanks … I suppose that's all I need to know. You've been very helpful, thanks.
Librarian: Any time. Bye.
Student: Bye

Answer the questions.

Why does the student come to the library?
A) To learn about the library's resources
B) To ask about interlibrary loans
C)To attend the new student orientation
D) To start work on a research project

Why does the librarian point out the history section to the student?
A) She wants to point out the closest area containing copy machines.
B) She assumes that he will need to do research there.
C) The student is looking for a book he used at his last school.
D) Students sometimes mistakenly assume that the section contains literature books.

What does the student imply about the interlibrary loan service at his last school?
A) He never used it.
B) He came to appreciate it.
C) It was inconvenient.
D) It was expensive.

1. A;
2. B;
3. C.

Przed wysłuchaniem nagrania dobrze jest zapoznać się z pytaniami aby wiedzieć, na które fragmenty wypowiedzi zwracać szczególną uwagę. Podczas tej sekcji TOEFL należy w pełni skupić się na tym, co się słyszy i spróbować wynotować najważniejsze elementy i przydatne szczegóły.

Jak dobrze zdać część mówioną na TOEFL?

Przygotowanie do tej części egzaminu powinno opierać się najlepszą metodą na systematycznym treningu mówienia. Tematyka nadal powinna skupiać się środowisku akademickim. Można zbudować słowniczek pojęć akademickich, których znajomość przyda się na egzaminie.

Przykładowe zadania w tej sekcji:

Directions: You will now be asked to give your opinion about a familiar topic. Give yourself 15 seconds to prepare your response. Then record yourself speaking for 45 seconds.

Some people enjoy taking risks and trying new things. Others are not adventurous; they are cautious and prefer to avoid danger. Which behavior do you think is better. Explain why.

Wiele osób zmaga się z barierą językową, która uniemożliwia swobodną komunikację po angielsku. Kontakt z tutorem pozwala pozbyć się tego problemu. Na egzaminie warto spróbować zorganizować swoje myśli i zastanowienie się nad najważniejszymi kwestiami, które chce się poruszyć. Pozwoli to na płynną wypowiedź i ograniczy stresujące "zacinanie się". 

TOEFL przykładowy egzamin pisemny – jak dobrze napisać teksty?

Przygotowując się do tej części, trzeba przeczytać artykuł na określony temat, a następnie wysłuchać wypowiedzi, która jest w tej samej tematyce; na ich podstawie należy stworzyć pracę, która będzie odniesieniem do obu materiałów. Pisząc TOEFL egzamin przykładowy najlepiej szlifuje się swoje umiejętności tworzenia i edycji tego typu tekstów. Warto też analizować przykładowe prace i sporządzić listę przydatnych wyrażeń, które usprawnią pisanie.

Przykładowe zadania w tej sekcji:

Directions: Give yourself 3 minutes to read the passage:

In an effort to encourage ecologically sustainable forestry practices, an international organization started issuing certifications to wood companies that meet high ecological standards by conserving resources and recycling materials. Companies that receive this certification can attract customers by advertising their products as "ecocertified." Around the world, many wood companies have adopted new, ecologically friendly practices in order to receive ecocertification. However, it is unlikely that wood companies in the United States will do the same, for several reasons.

First, American consumers are exposed to so much advertising that they would not value or even pay attention to the ecocertification label. Because so many mediocre products are labeled "new" or "improved," American consumers do not place much trust in advertising claims in general.
Second, ecocertified wood will be more expensive than uncertified wood because in order to earn ecocertification, a wood company must pay to have its business examined by a certification agency. This additional cost gets passed on to consumers. American consumers tend to be strongly motivated by price, and therefore they are likely to choose cheaper uncertified wood products. Accordingly, American wood companies will prefer to keep their prices low rather than obtain ecocertification.

Third, although some people claim that it always makes good business sense for American companies to keep up with the developments in the rest of the world, this argument is not convincing. Pursuing certification would make sense for American wood companies only if they marketed most of their products abroad. But that is not the case—American wood businesses sell most of their products in the United States, catering to a very large customer base that is satisfied with the merchandise.

Directions: Read the transcript.

Narrator: Professor Well, despite what many people say, there's good reason to think that many American wood companies will eventually seek ecocertification for their wood products. First off, consumers in the United States don't treat all advertising the same. They distinguish between advertising claims that companies make about their own products and claims made by independent certification agencies. Americans have a lot of confidence in independent consumer agencies. Thus, ecologically minded Americans are likely to react very favorably to wood products ecologically certified by an independent organization with an international reputation for trustworthiness.

Second point—of course it's true that American consumers care a lot about price—who doesn't? But studies of how consumers make decisions show that price alone determines consumers' decisions only when the price of one competing product is much higher or lower than another. When the price difference between two products is small—say, less than five percent, as is the case with certified wood— Americans often do choose on factors other than price. And Americans are becoming increasingly convinced of the value of preserving and protecting the environment.

And third, U.S. wood companies should definitely pay attention to what's going on in the wood business internationally, not because of foreign consumers, but because of foreign competition. As I just told you, there's a good chance that many American consumers will be interested in ecocertified products. And guess what, if American companies are slow capturing those customers, you can be sure that foreign companies will soon start crowding into the American market, offering ecocertified wood that domestic companies don't.

Directions: Give yourself 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Your response is judged on the quality of the writing and on how well it presents the points in the lecture and their relationship to the reading passage. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words. You may view the reading passage while you respond.

Question: Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubt on specific points made in the reading passage.

Drugim zadaniem jest wyrażenie opinii i poparcie jej odpowiednimi argumentami w dyskusji akademickiej. Podczas writingu na TOEFL bardzo ważna jest odpowiednia organizacja tekstu. Jako że obowiązuje limit wyrazów, należy pisać zwięźle i precyzyjnie, bez zbędnego powtarzania treści. Warto tak rozplanować swój czas, aby zostawić sobie kilka minut na sprawdzenie pracy po jej napisaniu. Pomoże to wyeliminować błędy, które wkradły się do tekstu.

Gdzie znaleźć TOEFL przykładowy egzamin?

Jak widać, w przygotowaniu do każdej sekcji testu przydaje się rozwiązywanie próbnych zadań. W Internecie można znaleźć wiele arkuszy (z odpowiedziami lub bez), jednak chcąc znaleźć najlepszy TOEFL egzamin przykładowy, najlepiej zaczerpnąć u źródła, tj. na oficjalnej stronie organizatora (ETS).

Ważnym elementem przygotowań jest nie tylko rozwiązywanie zadań typowych dla TOEFL, ale także analiza i poprawa swoich błędów w celu ich eliminowania. Pomagają w tym doświadczeni tutorzy Lagunita Education, którzy pomagają osiągnąć kursantom 100% ich możliwości językowych. Nasz zespół dysponuje wiedzą o strukturze egzaminu oraz technikach skutecznego rozwiązywania zadań, dzięki którym można osiągnąć rewelacyjny wynik. 

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